Whether Muslim-majority Kashmir Valley, should be separated from India Essay

Regardless of whether Muslim-dominant part Kashmir Valley, ought to be isolated from India or should the whole Jammu and Kashmir State of India be isolated from India, including no - Essay Example Also, this paper presents a portion of the potential arrangements that have been offered for the goals of this issue and endeavors to propose a potential answer for shut down this issue for the last time. Kashmir is situated in the Northwest of the sub landmass. Generally, the valley comprised of the territory lying between incredible Himalayas and the Pir Panjal go. Be that as it may, current Kashmir is alluded to the region controlled by India †Kashmir valley, Jammu and Ladakh; the zone managed by Pakistan †Azad Kashmir; and Aksai Chin, which is in China (Wikipedia.org, 2007). Kashmir has consistently been a Muslim lion's share zone. According to the 1901 evaluation that was completed by British Indian Empire, practically 75% of the populace comprised of Muslims, 24% were Hindus, and the others were Buddhists. The significant populace of Hindus was in Jammu which had practically half Hindus populace, while in Kashmir valley, Muslims were in predominant dominant part with roughly 94% of the complete populace and Hindus were just 5% (Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1908). According to the statistics of 1941, Muslim populace of Kashmir was 93.6% and Hindus were just 4% (Mridu, 2004). In 2003, the rate populace of Muslims in the Kashmir valley was 95% with Hindus just 4%. In Jammu, the rate populace of Hindus was 66% and Muslims 30% (BBC, 2003). These figures plainly show that Kashmir valley has been a Muslim prevailing zone as far as populace while the significant segment of populace in Jammu comprises of Hindus with Muslims as second greater part. According to the recipe for separating the sub landmass, concurred between both Hindu and Muslim pioneers, the province of Jammu and Kashmir was to be either connected with Pakistan because of its Muslim lion's share in populace, or must be related with India if the individuals of Kashmir need that. There was no goals or exhortation to make it a different state, liberated from both Indian and Pakistani limit. The individuals of

American Home Products Corporation Essay

1. What amount of business chance does American Home Products face? What amount money related hazard would American Home Products face at every one of the proposed degrees of obligation appeared on the off chance that Exhibit 3? What amount of potential worth, if any would american be able to Home Products make for its investors at every one of the proposed degrees of obligation? A blend of business hazard and money related hazard shows the danger of an organization’s future profit for value. Business hazard is identified with make a firm’s activity with no obligation, though money related hazard requires that the firm’s normal investors settle on a choice to fund it with obligation. an) American Home Products has been working on four fundamental lines of business that are less vulnerability about item request; for instance, one of its business lines is food items in light of the fact that at whatever point individuals purchase nourishments. It implies that AHPâ €™s business hazard is low. As referenced above, if a firm does its activity exercises routinely without influence, it implies that its business hazard isn't noteworthy high. Hence, proportion of money to add up to resources is determined by following: As indicated by Figure 1, AHP’s money was about 23% of all out resources, rose continually since 1978 to 1981, and arrived at 28.2% in 1981; along these lines, it has enough income to back its every day operation. Also, return on resources can show that a firm’s capacity to take care of its working expense by producing salary. As indicated by the estimation underneath, American Home Products Corporation’s ROA was steady and roughly 19.2 % in 1981; thus, AHP earned adequate measure of salary to take care of its working expense. Figure 2 Return on Assets of Amercan Home Products Corporation, 1972-1981 ($ in millions) Add to these above clarifications, Exhibit 1 shows that AHP’s top yearly development in deals was 14.1% in 1978 and contrast with it, yearly development in deals diminished by 5.3% in 1981; accordingly, it became weakness to AHP in light of the fact that purchasers began to enthusiasm into competitors’ items. Hazard avoidance was the most essential part of AHP’s culture; therefore, they want to get or take permit of recently created merchandise or produce comparable items with its rivals instead of to grow new-items. In spite of the fact that it appears to spare R&D costs, securing cost or an expense of time reaction to take other’s development would be still showed up. In this way, AHP should attempt to improve its deals. b) Financial hazard is identified with business chance, so we estimated NOPAT, ROIC, ROE whose vulnerability future can decide a firm’s business chance in Figure 3. Figure 3 Pro Forma 1981 Results for Alternative Capital Struc tures ($ in millions aside from proportions) Above ace forma delineates that all out obligation and money related hazard have straight relationship with one another and AHP’s absolute obligation expanded, so its monetary hazard would rise. At that point if American Home Products Corporation couldn't pay its advance and enthusiasm by plan, it would meet the money related hazard and the danger of chapter 11. As indicated by Exhibit 4, AHP utilized abundance money of 233 million dollars on every one of the proposed levels to repurchase stocks and remaining sums were financed by obligation; in this way, its normal offers extraordinary would diminished by 19.8 million offers on 30% dept proportion and 36.6 million offers on 70% obligation proportion. It implies that value will goes down, so its arrival on value will rise. AHP ought to consider about money related hazard to change the capital structure. American Home Products Corporation can spare duties to pay by expanding obligation. Figure 4 delineates that its assessments reserve funds can be favorable position to AHP in the event that it utilizes heavier capital structure. Figure 4 Pro Forma 1981 Taxes Savings ($ in millions) As per Figure 4, if the company’s capital structure is 70% obligation to add up to capital, contrasting with 30 % obligation to add up to capital structure, it can spare around 1.9 occasions more prominent cash; accordingly, its investors would profit by it. 2. What capital structure would you suggest as fitting for AHP? What are the upsides of utilizing this organization? The hindrances? How might utilizing up influence the company’s charges? How might the capital markets respond to a choice by the organization to build the utilization of obligation in its capital structure? Most suitable capital structure for American Home Products is 30% obligation to add up to capital. A few reasons will clarify the motivation behind why this structure offers preferred position to AHP. The first, as utilizing 30% obligation proportion, the organization would have the option to be recapitalized; thus, regular offers exceptional of 19.8 million can be repurchased. The second, as indic ated by Figure 4, AHP would have bit of leeway to spare expenses of 37.8 million dollars and its investors advantage by getting more qualities. Display 2 shows that Warner Lambert company’s obligation proportion is roughly 32% and its bond rating is AAA or AA. It implies that if AHP utilizes 30% obligation and 70% value, its bond rating will be same as Warner Lambert; therefore, bond enthusiasm to pay won't increment much because of bond rating. Expansion to these reasons, AHP would confront less hazard to think about heavier capital structures. At long last, AHP’s yearly development in deals diminished in 1981 by 2.9% from earlier year, so getting obligation could be useful to deal with its activity viably and increment its business development. Other than above favorable circumstances, utilizing 30% obligation and 70% value capital structure has inconveniences. As a matter of first importance, if a firm has a credit, it must be capable to pay its standard and enthusiasm as a timetable; else, it would be motivation to chapter 11; hence, same guideline chips away at instance of AHP. Notwithstanding the danger o f liquidation, if the company’s day by day activity requires greater venture after recapitalization, getting new credit for it would be progressively troublesome. In conclusive, utilizing obligation can be motivation to build its monetary hazard, so it must be increasingly mindful so as to deal with its activity. As indicated by Figure 4, utilizing the organization by utilizing 30% obligation to capital structure would diminish its assessments of 37.8 million dollars to pay. The capital market would respond emphatically to a choice by the organization to utilization of 30% obligation in its capital structure. The organization had basically no obligation and had abundance of money or higher liquidity and Mr. Laborte who was CEO of the organization was close to give his position as a result of retirement, so most investigators anticipated that the organization should change its traditionalist capital structure. Additionally, Figure 5 shows the market positive response on the stock cost. Figure 5 Stock Price of AHP ($ in millions with the exception of per share pieces of information and proportions) As per Figure 5, AHP’s stock cost will increment to 31.5. So as to compute new stock value, we utilized normal value/profit proportion of both American Home Products Corporation and Warner Lambert Company in Exhibit 2 since show 2 delineates that while P/E proportion of AHP is 10.6%, 8% for Warner Lambert and not at all like Warner Lambert, AHP has less monetary hazard. All however AHP’s hazard will increment in the wake of getting influence and its P/E proportion will diminish, AHP would have preferred money related situation over Warner Lambert, so financial specialists would be intrigued to purchase AHP’s stock as opposed to load of Warner Lambert. 3. By what means may AHP actualize an increasingly forceful capital structure approach? What are the elective techniques for utilizing up? AHP should utilize heavier capital structure which implies that expansion to utilize more obligation rather than moderate capital structure; thus, AHP’s capital structure may be increasingly compelling and forceful. The elective techniques for utilizing up are advancing new items, utilizing better innovation, and persuading work. 4. Considering AHP’s one of a kind corporate culture, what contentions would you advance to convince Mr. Laporte or his replacement to receive your suggestion? As indicated by Mr. Laporte, his organization works so as to expand investors riches, so as utilizing 30% obligation to capital would offer chance to spare 37.8 million dollars from charges; in this way, its investors would profit getting higher profits per share. Despite the fact that in the wake of utilizing obligation, its cost/profit proportion may be diminished, its fascination of financial specialists will be still ground-breaking due to stock cost increment. Additionally, if the organization utilizes more obligation to the activity, it will be conceivable to repurchase normal supplies of 19.8 a large number of offers from advertise.

Successful Entrepreneurs Reveal the Best Advice They Ever Got

Successful Entrepreneurs Reveal the Best Advice They Ever Got Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Successful Entrepreneurs Reveal the Best Advice They Ever GotUpdated On 18/08/2017Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : BusinessShort URL : https://hbb.me/2uNOkst CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogSuccessful entrepreneurs are in a class by themselves. It takes guts, instinct, determination, curiosity and often a little bit of luck to turn an idea into a viable long-term business. How do they do it? It turns out many of them received valuable advice from a variety of different sources when they were starting out that set them on the path toward success. Here are their stories.Stay Hungry, At Least in the BeginningSara Rotman, the founder of MODCo, an in-demand ad agency with high profile clients, including Vera Wang and Tory Burch, clearly remembers the best advice she received before her companys launch. She and her then accountant were discussing how much money Rotman needed t o borrow. The accountant looked Rotman in the eyes and said, Only have enough cash on hand to barely survive; never so much youre comfortable. In other words, stay scared, particularly in the beginning.Its a sentiment also voiced by Scott Vollero, founder of Autocats. When you know you have a successful business model, being hungry makes you reach out in ways you wouldnt have otherwise.Theres No Such Thing as a ShortcutMark Cuban, the owner of the Dallas Mavericks, entrepreneur, and billionaire investor credits his father for teaching him how to succeed. His dad, a car upholsterer, bluntly said, There are no shortcuts. In other words, do more than you think youre capable of. Out-think, out-sell, and out-work yourself and everybody else.Cuban says of his father, He was always very encouraging but also realistic.Surround Yourself With Great PeopleBusiness advise from a wrestling coach? Thats exactly where the writer and entrepreneur Tim Ferrisss best advice came from. The advice? Your e the average of the five people you associate with most. Whether youre looking for investors, hiring a support team or choosing business partners, if your associates are the best of the best, your average can only get better.READHow Going Viral Transforms Your BusinessSeek Out MentorsMarcus Lemonis credits highly successful entrepreneur, Lee Iacocca, with the best advice he ever received. The famous automobile exec who spearheaded the development of Fords Mustang and revived the ailing Chrysler Corporation in the 1980s became an early influence for Lemonis. Iacocca told Lemonis to get into a business where he could make a difference and become a catalyst for change. In other words, dont follow the crowd. Create a crowd of your own.Simplicity Through StudyDan Horan, the founder of 5 Acre Farm, believes in keeping it simple. How does he do it? By studying everything about his ventures, from business cards to complex financials. The goal, Horan explains, is to present it simply, parti cularly when it comes to people: when people buy something, they dont want a lecture. The same is true whether youre dealing with customers, investors, business partners or staff.Value Your Time â€" No One Else WillEntrepreneur David Lais best advice came from his father. His dad said, We all only have 24 hours a day. Its what we choose to do with that time that defines us. Lai adds, Its the one thing you can never get back. Although the philosophy fits life as well as business, it has an added importance for the entrepreneur. Your time is precious. Make every minute count.Ask, Then ListenElon Musk advises budding entrepreneurs to get as much feedback as possible about their ideas and then listen, think and analyze. You dont have to agree with the feedback, he explains, but often youll get valuable information that makes your business model stronger. And that, of course, is what being an entrepreneur is all about.

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Code of Ethics for United States Government Service

In general, rules of ethical conduct for persons serving the U.S. federal government are divided into two categories: elected members of Congress, and government employees. Note that in the context of ethical conduct, â€Å"employees† includes persons hired or appointed to work for the Legislative Branch or on the staffs of individual Senators or Representatives, as well as those executive branch employees appointed by the President of the United States. Active duty members of the U.S. military are covered by the codes of conduct for their specific branch of the military. Members of Congress The ethical conduct of the elected members of Congress is prescribed by either the House Ethics Manual or the Senate Ethics Manual, as created and revised by the House and Senate committees on ethics. Executive Branch Employees For the first 200 years of the U.S. government, each agency maintained its own code of ethical conduct. But in 1989, the Presidents Commission on Federal Ethics Law Reform recommended that individual agency standards of conduct be replaced with a single regulation applicable to all employees of the executive branch. In response, President George H.W. Bush signed Executive Order 12674 on April 12, 1989, setting out the following fourteen basic principles of ethical conduct for executive branch personnel: Public service is a public trust, requiring employees to place loyalty to the Constitution, the laws and ethical principles above private gain.Employees shall not hold financial interests that conflict with the conscientious performance of duty.Employees shall not engage in financial transactions using nonpublic Government information or allow the improper use of such information to further any private interest.An employee shall not, except as permitted ... solicit or accept any gift or other items of monetary value from any person or entity seeking official action from, doing business with, or conducting activities regulated by the employees agency, or whose interests may be substantially affected by the performance or nonperformance of the employees duties.Employees shall put forth honest effort in the performance of their duties.Employees shall not knowingly make unauthorized commitments or promises of any kind purporting to bind the Government.Employees shall not use public offic e for private gain.Employees shall act impartially and not give preferential treatment to any private organization or individual.Employees shall protect and conserve Federal property and shall not use it for other than authorized activities.Employees shall not engage in outside employment or activities, including seeking or negotiating for employment, that conflict with official Government duties and responsibilities.Employees shall disclose waste, fraud, abuse, and corruption to appropriate authorities.Employees shall satisfy in good faith their obligations as citizens, including all just financial obligations, especially those—such as Federal, State, or local taxes—that are imposed by law.Employees shall adhere to all laws and regulations that provide equal opportunity for all Americans regardless of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, or handicap.Employees shall endeavor to avoid any actions creating the appearance that they are violating the law or th e ethical standards set forth in this part. Whether particular circumstances create an appearance that the law or these standards have been violated shall be determined from the perspective of a reasonable person with knowledge of the relevant facts. The federal regulation enforcing these 14 rules of conduct (as amended) is now codified and fully explained in the Code of Federal Regulations at 5 C.F.R. Part 2635. Over the years since 1989, some agencies have created supplemental regulations that modify or supplement the 14 rules of conduct to better apply to the specific duties and responsibilities of their employees. Established by the Ethics in Government Act of 1978, the U.S. Office of Government Ethics provides overall leadership and oversight of the executive branch ethics program designed to prevent and resolve conflicts of interest. The Overarching Rules of Ethical Conduct In addition to the above 14 rules of conduct for executive branch employees, Congress, on June 27, 1980, unanimously passed a law establishing the followinggeneral Code of Ethics for Government Service. Signed by President Jimmy Carter on July 3, 1980, Public Law 96-303 requires that, â€Å"Any person in Government service should:† Put loyalty to the highest moral principles and to country above loyalty to persons, party, or Government department.Uphold the Constitution, laws, and regulations of the United States and of all governments therein and never be a party to their evasion.Give a full days labor for a full days pay; giving earnest effort and best thought to the performance of duties.Seek to find and employ more efficient and economical ways of getting tasks accomplished.Never discriminate unfairly by the dispensing of special favors or privileges to anyone, whether for remuneration or not; and never accept, for himself or herself or for family members, favors or benefits under circumstances which might be construed by reasonable persons as influencing the performance of governmental duties.Make no private promises of any kind binding upon the duties of the office, since a Government employee has no private word which can be binding on public duty.Engage in no business with the Government, either directl y or indirectly, which is inconsistent with the conscientious performance of governmental duties.Never use any information gained confidentially in the performance of governmental duties as a means of making private profit.Expose corruption wherever discovered.Uphold these principles, ever conscious that public office is a public trust. Is There a Presidential Code of Ethics? While the elected members of Congress have chosen to adopt their own code of ethics, the President of the United States, as an elected rather than hired or appointed representatives of the people, is not subject to any specific statute or rule governing his or her ethical conduct. While they are subject to a civil suit and criminal prosecution for violations of common laws, presidents are generally immune from punishment for conduct related to their official acts. In other words, presidents are generally free to lie or misrepresent facts, as long as they do not intentionally defame any specific person or persons in doing so. In fact, the only practical remedies to unethical conduct on the part of the president are the constant vigilance of a well-informed public, congressional oversight, and ultimately the threat of impeachment for â€Å"high crimes and misdemeanors.†

Music, Dancing, And Family Honor - 1472 Words

Some social and cultural issues that are presented throughout the film include music, dancing, and family honor. Music was included as a transition between scenes in order to add dimension to Devdas. In Indian culture, music and dancing are not only meant to be a form of entertainment, but are also a way to worship gods. This form of art is commonly accepted by both Hinduism and Buddhism communities because it is viewed by many to be a gift from the gods. Traditional Indian music is often accompanied by intricate dancing to show how much Indians value the use of communication through the use of a medium. Indians are able to have a sense of unity without the barriers of a caste system or education when they communicate with body movements. This developed form of communication was seen when Chandramukhi, a courtesan, was able to dance on equal footing with Paro, someone of higher class. Through this, Bhansali conveys that when humans are deprived of wealth and status, they have no dis tinguishing features besides that of which Brahma intended for them to have. It is only when individuals give up their materialistic possessions will they be able to see what is truly important to them. Similarly, Hinduism stresses that happiness comes from peace, not materialistic possessions. As seen with Chandramukhi, fulfillments of life should derive from giving up all of one’s materialistic possessions. Although expectations of honor differ between males and females, the Indian cultureShow MoreRelatedDance Paper1652 Words   |  7 PagesDance Paper ARTS/100 February 28, 2011 Dance Paper Dance is used as a form of expressing how you feel through the movement of your body through music. Through the different styles of dancing, it can be slow paced, fast paced, mellow, seductive, fun and enjoyable at the same time. 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Difference Between Computer Literacy free essay sample

To be clearer, with information literacy one is taking what has been read and learned and applying it. With computer literacy one can have the knowledge but not necessarily know how to use it or apply it. Basically, with information literacy one will take the knowledge to the next step by using the access to organize, use and evaluate what has been found. With computer literacy one has the technology to manipulate the computer, but they may not have the information to continue on through the process and derive a conclusion based on evaluations and organization. Computer literacy, if you want to think of it in steps, is the literacy before information literacy in which the person is on their way to gaining the extra knowledge they need in order to apply what is currently known. Information literacy also requires one to have awareness in how information systems work and the link between information need, sources and channels. An example would explain this easier. You can know how to use Google search, but unless you take it a step further such as knowing what you need, the sources and the channels to gain what you need you will be stuck with unhelpful answers. Certainly, you know you need keywords in a search engine, but unless you know what keywords you are stuck. This is the relationship between the two concepts. 2. Discuss the three elements of an information system (hardware, software and persware) that managers must consider. Which of the three do you consider the most important? Hardware: Is the physical aspect of computers, telecommunications, and other devices. The term arose as a way to distinguish the box and the electronic circuitry and components of a computer from the program you put in it to make it do things. Software: Software is a term for a set of instructions, which makes a computer to perform a task. The set of instructions are commonly known as a program, without which computers cannot do any operations. A software is classified broadly in to two groups, application software, which includes normal utility applications like Microsoft word, PowerPoint etc. that interacts and performs user specific tasks and system software, such as operating systems, which interacts directly with hardware to make the system work and also provide a platform for other applications to work. Persware: Defined as the people aspect of an information system, without this aspect of an information system the hardware and software components become computer literacy. The people who drive and run the information system also help to determine which types of data to collect, store and disseminate for reporting and analysis purposes. The three Components of information system talked about the input, processing, output and feedback processes. Most important is the feedback process; unfortunately its the one most often overlooked. Just as in the triangle above, the hardware (input and output) and the software (processing) receive the most attention. With those two alone, you have computer literacy. But if you dont use the persware side of the triangle to complete the feedback loop, you dont accomplish much. Add the persware angle with good feedback and you have the beginnings of information literacy. 3. Which of the six business objectives do you think is the most important? How can information systems help a business meet these objectives? The Six Important Business Objectives of Information Technology Product Development Information technology can speed up the time it takes new products to reach the market. Companies can write product requirement documents by gathering market intelligence from proprietary databases, customers and sales representatives. Computer-assisted design and manufacturing software speed up decision making, while collaborative technologies allow global teams to work on different components of a product simultaneously. From innovations in microprocessors to efficient drug delivery systems, information technology helps businesses respond quickly to changing customer requirements. Stakeholder Integration Stakeholder integration is another important objective of information technology. Using global 24/7 interconnectivity, a customer service call originating in Des Moines, Iowa, ends up in a call center in Manila, Philippines, where a service agent could look up the relevant information on severs based in corporate headquarters in Dallas, Texas, or in Frankfurt, Germany. Public companies use their investor relations websites to communicate with shareholders, research analysts and other market participants. Process Improvement Process improvement is another key IT business objective. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems allow managers to review sales, costs and other operating metrics on one integrated software platform, usually in real time. An ERP system may replace dozens of legacy systems for finance, human resources and other functional areas, thus making internal processes more efficient and cost-effective. Cost Efficiencies Although the initial IT implementation costs can be substantial, the resulting long-term cost savings are usually worth the investment. IT allows companies to reduce transaction and implementation costs. For example, the cost of a desktop computer today is a fraction of what it was in the early 1980s, and yet the computers are considerably more powerful. IT-based productivity solutions, from word processing to email, have allowed companies to save on the costs of duplication and postage, while maintaining and improving product quality and customer service. Competitive Advantage Cost savings, rapid product development and process improvements help companies gain and maintain a competitive advantage in the marketplace. If a smartphone competitor announces a new device with innovative touch-screen features, the competitors must quickly follow suit with similar products or risk losing market share. Companies can use rapid prototyping, software simulations and other IT-based systems to bring a product to market cost effectively and quickly. Globalization Companies that survive in a competitive environment usually have the operational and financial flexibility to grow locally and then internationally. IT is at the core of operating models essential for globalization, such as telecommuting and outsourcing. A company can outsource most of its noncore functions, such as human resources and finances, to offshore companies and use network technologies to stay in contact with its overseas employees, customers and suppliers.